Microbiology Practice Exam

The primary function of chemical substances such as histamine and leukotrienes is to stimulate inflammation. Both of these compounds play significant roles in the immune response. Histamine, commonly released by mast cells during allergic reactions, causes vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels, leading to the classic signs of inflammation such as redness, swelling, and heat. Leukotrienes, on the other hand, are produced by various leukocytes and contribute to inflammatory processes by attracting other immune cells to sites of infection or injury, further amplifying the inflammatory response.

In contrast to the other options, which do not accurately describe the main roles of these substances, inhibiting immunological responses, promoting cell division, and enhancing nutrient absorption are not functions associated with histamine or leukotrienes. Instead, these compounds are fundamentally involved in the processes related to the body's defense mechanisms, emphasizing their role in promoting inflammation to help the body respond effectively to pathogens and injuries.